縫紉就是把衣片(pian)縫合(he)成服裝的工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)。可分為手縫工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)、機縫工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)、特殊(shu)工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)等。

　　手縫工藝

　　采用(yong)(yong)(yong)手針(zhen)進行(xing)縫(feng)(feng)制的工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝。是中(zhong)國(guo)的傳(chuan)統手工(gong)(gong)(gong)技藝。很多(duo)針(zhen)法及其作用(yong)(yong)(yong)尚(shang)不(bu)能(neng)用(yong)(yong)(yong)現代(dai)縫(feng)(feng)紉(ren)機替代(dai)。具有線(xian)跡精細、平整，針(zhen)法豐富(fu)等特點，被譽(yu)為高檔工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝。　手縫(feng)(feng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝的主要工(gong)(gong)(gong)具是手縫(feng)(feng)針(zhen)和頂針(zhen)箍。絲綢(chou)等纖(xian)維較細的織(zhi)物宜用(yong)(yong)(yong)7～9號針(zhen);鎖眼釘紐(niu)宜用(yong)(yong)(yong)4～5號針(zhen)，一般毛料則用(yong)(yong)(yong)粗細適中(zhong)的6～8號針(zhen)。

　　機縫工藝

　　采用(yong)(yong)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)紉(ren)機進行縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)制的(de)(de)工(gong)藝。具(ju)有針跡(ji)(ji)整(zheng)齊、工(gong)效(xiao)高等(deng)(deng)優(you)點。常(chang)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)機縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)工(gong)藝有以下(xia)(xia)幾種。①合(he)(he)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(含兜縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng));將(jiang)(jiang)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)組合(he)(he)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)。用(yong)(yong)于(yu)暗縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)組合(he)(he)或(huo)(huo)袋蓋(gai)、衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)領、袖頭等(deng)(deng)三邊(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)合(he)(he)的(de)(de)翻轉(zhuan)部(bu)件。②包縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：以一層衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)包住另(ling)一層衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)，再作(zuo)第二或(huo)(huo)第三次縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)。有明包，暗包之別。一般用(yong)(yong)于(yu)布(bu)(bu)服(fu)(fu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)不(bu)鎖邊(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)。③咬(yao)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：由上(shang)下(xia)(xia)層衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)咬(yao)住中間一層衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)，正面緝(ji)明線(xian)(xian)。用(yong)(yong)于(yu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)袖頭、腰頭等(deng)(deng)。④騎縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)塊(kuai)(kuai)織(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)銜接(jie)(不(bu)疊起)，在銜接(jie)處緝(ji)W狀線(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)，使兩(liang)塊(kuai)(kuai)布(bu)(bu)互相牽牢。一般用(yong)(yong)于(yu)高檔服(fu)(fu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)襯布(bu)(bu)拼(pin)(pin)接(jie)和收顙。⑤平接(jie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)塊(kuai)(kuai)織(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)拼(pin)(pin)接(jie)，互為銜接(jie)補充(chong)。用(yong)(yong)于(yu)接(jie)長(chang)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)部(bu)件等(deng)(deng)。⑥平疊縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)塊(kuai)(kuai)織(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)重疊，居中縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)。用(yong)(yong)于(yu)襯布(bu)(bu)拼(pin)(pin)接(jie)和收顙等(deng)(deng)。⑦來(lai)去縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：將(jiang)(jiang)兩(liang)塊(kuai)(kuai)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)疊合(he)(he)，先沿毛(mao)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)正面緝(ji)狹縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(3cm)再在反(fan)面緝(ji)闊縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(約7cm)。多(duo)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)單(dan)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)合(he)(he)。⑧分(fen)緝(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)層衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)疊合(he)(he)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)，縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)分(fen)開(kai)，兩(liang)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)各緝(ji)一道明線(xian)(xian)。常(chang)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)不(bu)易折轉(zhuan)的(de)(de)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)料(如皮(pi)革)或(huo)(huo)線(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)飾等(deng)(deng)。⑨坐緝(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)塊(kuai)(kuai)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)合(he)(he)，縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)傾倒(dao)，正面作(zuo)第二次縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)。常(chang)用(yong)(yong)作(zuo)固(gu)定縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)或(huo)(huo)線(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)飾。⑩分(fen)坐緝(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)塊(kuai)(kuai)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)先合(he)(he)緝(ji)，將(jiang)(jiang)緝(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)傾倒(dao)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)分(fen)開(kai)，在分(fen)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)上(shang)緝(ji)一道明線(xian)(xian)。服(fu)(fu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)加工(gong)中多(duo)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)布(bu)(bu)服(fu)(fu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)前袖縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)、褲襠縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)、后縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)等(deng)(deng)。壓緝(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(悶(men)緝(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng))：上(shang)層衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)折光(guang)，覆蓋(gai)下(xia)(xia)層衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)，一次縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)成型。多(duo)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)前后過肩或(huo)(huo)呈(cheng)圓弧型、尖角型等(deng)(deng)部(bu)件的(de)(de)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)接(jie)。漏(lou)落(luo)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：明緝(ji)線(xian)(xian)漏(lou)落(luo)于(yu)分(fen)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)槽內或(huo)(huo)緊挨坐縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)沿，既能(neng)使線(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)暗藏，又(you)能(neng)固(gu)定下(xia)(xia)層衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)。常(chang)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)腰頭、里襟等(deng)(deng)。卷(juan)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)：用(yong)(yong)卷(juan)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓腳或(huo)(huo)用(yong)(yong)手指(zhi)將(jiang)(jiang)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)毛(mao)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)卷(juan)光(guang)。常(chang)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)單(dan)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)或(huo)(huo)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)里的(de)(de)下(xia)(xia)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)。倒(dao)回針：在原線(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)上(shang)往(wang)返縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)。用(yong)(yong)于(yu)緝(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)始末加固(gu)，裝(zhuang)(zhuang)封口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)，叉封口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)，裝(zhuang)(zhuang)帶襻等(deng)(deng)。

　　現代(dai)服裝加工(gong)的(de)主要機(ji)縫(feng)(feng)設(she)備，除(chu)高(gao)速平(ping)縫(feng)(feng)縫(feng)(feng)紉(ren)(ren)機(ji)(簡稱平(ping)縫(feng)(feng)機(ji))外(wai)，還有多針多線包(bao)縫(feng)(feng)縫(feng)(feng)紉(ren)(ren)機(ji)(簡稱包(bao)縫(feng)(feng)機(ji))以及(ji)取代(dai)手工(gong)的(de)開袋、鎖眼、釘扣(kou)、扎駁、復襯(chen)(衣面與衣襯(chen)組合)、裝袖、裝褲(ku)腰、打褶等各種專用(yong)單機(ji)，并有多功(gong)能自動(dong)調速固體電路電子(zi)縫(feng)(feng)紉(ren)(ren)機(ji)問世。20世紀(ji)80年代(dai)，較(jiao)先進的(de)機(ji)縫(feng)(feng)設(she)備是自動(dong)縫(feng)(feng)紉(ren)(ren)系統，采用(yong)工(gong)業攝像機(ji)和電子(zi)計算機(ji)監控，能自動(dong)識(shi)別裁片的(de)樣(yang)式，傳送并進行(xing)自動(dong)分類(lei)控制。